The BIS has published a paper on offshore foreign exchange markets. According to Table 7 of this paper, 52% ($10.8 billion) of the total rupee forward and forex swap market ($20.8 billion) is offshore and only 48% ($10.0 billion) is onshore.
The same table provides data about 2007 as well – only 30% ($3.6 billion) of the rupee forward and forex swap market was offshore. In just three years, the offshore market has tripled in size! A footnote in the table cautions us that the mandatory reporting of trades in the rupee (and several other emerging market currencies) following its reclassification of these currencies as major currencies would have increased the reported size of the offshore markets.
According to the BIS Paper, the offshore markets are even bigger for the Chinese renminbi (63% is offshore but much of that is in Hong Kong) and the Brazilian real (82% is offshore). The paper argues that offshore non deliverable markets in the Brazilian real, Chinese renminbi and Indian rupee are now so large that “adding an offshore deliverable money and bond market may not represent a large change.”
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